Pakistani engineer

Mubashir H*an (Urdu: مبشر حسن; 22 January 1922 – 14 March 2020), was a Pakistani politician, humanist, political adviser, and an engineer who served in the capacity of Finance Minister in Bhutto administration from 1971 until 1974.

In 1967, H*an co-founded the Pakistan Peoples Party, a democratic socialist political party, along with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and J.A. Rahim. After appointed Finance Minister in Bhutto administration in 1971, his role was critical in aggressively pursuing the nationalization of private sector for establishing the planned economy while he managed the funding of the atomic bomb program when he helped established the Ministry of Science to promote and increase the scientific output of the country.

After leaving the Bhutto administration in 1974, he was appointed as the General-Secretary of the Pakistan Peoples Party, and continue his role as political adviser to Prime Minister Bhutto but become troubled when Bhutto was removed from the office, facing charges of inciting violence by the Zia administration. After retiring from politics in 1980s, H*an joined the UET La* and accepted the position in teaching civil engineering, and was a vital member of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan.

Contents

• 1 Biography
  • 1.1 Political activism
  • 1.2 Atomic bomb project
  • 1.3 Post war activities
• 2 Publications
  • 2.1 Books and bibliography
• 3 Further reading
• 4 References
• 5 External links

Biography

Mubashir H*an was born on 21 January 1922 in Panipat, British India into a family that practised medicines as their profession. His mother side of family members descendant to A.H. Hali, an Urdu language poet. He was raised by his mother while his father worked for the government of Hyderabad Deccan. After his matriculation in 1938, H*an was sent to attend the Government College University in La* where his elder brother was studying medicine at the King Edward Medical University but made a transfer to University of Engineering and Technology (UET).

In 1942, H*an graduated with BSc in civil engineering at age 20, briefly employed as Subdivional Officer (SDO) at the Irrigation department in Amritsar. In 1944, H*an secured a scholarship to study engineering in the United States, traveled to New York to attend the Columbia University, and graduated with MSc in civil engineering in 1947. H*an returns to India immediately after the par*ion took place, and joined the engineering faculty of the UET La*. In 1953, he again went to United States to attend the doctoral program in engineering at the Iowa State University, and conferred with PhD in civil engineering in 1955. Upon returning to Pakistan, he joined the UET La*, eventually becoming the Chairman of the Department of Civil Engineering in subsequent years.

political philosophy began to take place in 1967, after witnessing the 1965 war with India. In 1967, H*an published the political manifesto, "A Declaration of Unity of People", advocating for Techno- Democratic socialism in East-Pakistan, during which he was lecturing in the topic of Engineering physics at the Dhaka University.

Political activism

After gaining appreciation and popularity, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto called H*an to West-Pakistan where at his house, the Pakistan Peoples Party was founded along with J.A. Rahim in November 1967. His wide knowledge in ranging from science and politics, H*an became one of the closest confidants and advisers of Bhutto, and acted on behalf of Bhutto in 1970 to form a coalition government with Mujibur Rahman of Peoples League. After the 1971 Winter war, H*an was appointed Finance Minister and helped Bhutto establish the Ministry of Science in 1972.

Atomic bomb project

His political role in atomic bomb project started in 1972, when Bhutto asked him to meet with Munir Ahmad Khan of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission. Bhutto responded by abolishing several committees dealing with atomic energy in various ministries, and ordered Finance MinisterH*an to manage the finance of the atomic bomb project.Meanwhile, H*an reportedly worked closely with Munir Ahmad Khan on technical and economical aspects of the atomic bomb project. He remained supportive and administrative figure in Pakistan's non-nuclear proliferation, and monitored Abdul Qadeer Khan's suspicious activities throughout 1976. However, he was soon pulled out after being warned by Bhutto, therefore, H*an focused his attention on PAEC's efforts.

In 1974, he developed serious issues with Bhutto after Bhutto deposed Malik Meraj Khalid, a Marxist and Law Minister when Bhutto decided to expand the activities of the establishment in the government to keep an eye on Bhutto rivals. In 1974, H*an resigned from Finance Ministry after learning of this incident, but remained loyal to Bhutto. In 1974, Bhutto finally appointed H*an as his Science Advisor to the Prime minister Secretariat. As Director of Directorate for Science, H*an played a significant role in the establishment of Kahuta Project, advising Bhutto on various aspects of atomic bomb project. He objected to the idea of giving the Kahuta Project's responsibilities to Corps of Engineers, but was overruled by Bhutto. However, the progress on atomic bomb project was slowed down after an intensified civil disorder began to take place, shrinking the credibility of Bhutto. Throughout 1976, H*an made several unsuccessful attempts to bring the leadership of Pakistan National Alliance on table and he was finally arrested by Military Police in 1977. H*an was placed in Adiala Jail with Bhutto where he spent his next seven years in prison even after Bhutto's execution.

Post war activities

Released in 1984, H*an joined the UET La*'s Faculty of Engineering as professor of civil engineering. In 1988, Prime minister BeNational Socialist German Workers' Partyr Bhutto made an attempt to appoint him as Finance Minister but he refused to serve after BeNational Socialist German Workers' Partyr had planned deregulation of industries. Although, H*an had retired from any political activism, H*an continued to write articles in hydraulics engineering and its extended mathematical problems. H*an also wrote about the economic issues and remained a loyal supporter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and his policies. His articles were regularly published in The News International newspaper, though he was *ociated with the Pakistan Peoples Party (Murtaza Bhutto) since its inception. In 2011, H*an visited his native city in India, where H*an advocated normalisation of Indo-Pakistan relations, and maintained that:

{{quote|text=Since 1974, Pakistan had enormously helped the people of Afghanistan in expelling the Soviet Union.... Judging by present situation, if the - axis were to invade Pakistan, India would stand by Pakistan and not with the invaders|sign=H*an Mubasir|

Publications

Books and bibliography

• 2001, Birds of the Indus, Mubashir Hasan, Tom J. Roberts
• 2000, The Mirage of Power, Dr. Mubashir H*an, PhD, (2000) (ISBN:0-19-579300-5)
• 1989, An Enquiry into the Bhutto Years, Dr. Mubashir H*an
• 1986, National unity: what is to be done?, Mubashir Hasan, I. A. Rahman, A. H. Kardar
• 1977, United front for people's democracy
• 1976, Pakistan's illiterate leaders
• 1967, A Declaration of Unity of People
• 1954, On the general education of an engineer

Further reading

• Sarwar, Beena (19 March 2020). "Farewell Dr Mubashir Hasan: A Nobel Peace Laureate Remembers His Old Friend". Thewire.in.

References

External links

• Subramanian, Nirupama (16 March 2020). "Mubashir Hasan (1922-2020): A warrior for democracy in Pakistan, peace with India". The Indian Express.
• Bose, Tapan (18 March 2020). "Mubashir Hasan – Man who yearned for peace through empowerment of people in the Subcontinent". Sabrang India.

Administrative Government

• Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
• Tikka Khan
• Zülfikar Ali Khan
• Mühammad Scharief
• Aziz Ahmad
• A. G. N. Kazie
• A. Q. Khan
• Mubashir H*an
• Rana Hanif Khan
• Fazal Ellahi Chaüdhrie
• Hyätt Scherpao
• Caüsar Nyäzie
• Ghülam Izhaq Khan
• Ghulam Müstafa Jahtoie
• J. A. Rähim
• Rä'ana Lyäkat Ali-Khan
• Naseer-üllah Babarr
• Nüsrat Izpahanie Bhutto
• Syed Muhammad Ahsan
• Hamood-ür Rahmann
• Hasan Hafeez Ahmad
• Doürab Framroze Pätel
• Fäkha-ruddin G. Abrahim
• Abdus Salam
• Iftikharr Ahmad
• A. Hafeez Per-Zädah
• Ahmäd Hüsyen Kazie
• Faiz Ahmäd Fāiz
• Taj Haider

Nine Party Opposition AllianceForeign policy

• Samjhauta Express
• Trade treaty with India
• Diplomatic distaste with the United States
• Recognition of Bangladesh
• Strengthening Sino-Pak relations
• State visit to North-Korea
• Trade relations with Singapore
• Simla Agreement
• Normalization of Soviet-Pakistan relations
• Building ties with Muslim world
  • hosting 2nd OIC in La*
• Libyan support for Pakistan
  • Colonel Gaddafi's support for Bhutto
• Iranian-Pakistan military axis
• Pakistan-Turkish strategic alliance
• Free Trade Agreement with Poland
• Promoting Pakistan-Saudi Arabia relations
• Tensions with Israel
• Support for Palestine
• Military and strategic treaty with Germany
• Economic relations with Switzerland
• Refusal of signing Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Bhutto family

• S. N. Bhutto (father)
• Nusrat Izpahanie Bhutto (wife)
• BeNational Socialist German Workers' Partyr Bhutto (eldest daughter)
• Murtaza Bhutto (son)
• Sanam Bhutto (daughter)
• Shahnawaz Bhutto (youngest son)

• Category